1. I am chiefly grateful to Professor Martin M. Crow whose opinion on the most important results of this paper, after reading some of my works on Chaucer and Spain, has encouraged me.

All quotations are from Crow Martin M. & Calir C. Olson C., Chaucer Life-Records (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966). All quotations are from this edition and the references to this volume will be incorporated into the text, under the abbreviation Life-Records.

2. D. R. Howard, Chaucer: his Life, his Works, his World. New York: E.P. Dutton, 1981. I am very grateful to Martha S. Waller, retired Professor of Butler University, for sending me Howard's references to Philippa Chaucer from this book, and for her advice and corrections on this article.

3. I do not know how to express my gratitude to both these great scholars for their correspondece connected with some of my research on this subject.

D. Pearsall, The Life of Geoffrey Chaucer (Oxford: Blackwell, 1993).

D. Brewer, Chaucer and his world (Suffolk: Boydell & Brewer, 1978).

4. This is the title of Derek Pearsall's paper in the VII S.E.L.I.M. (Spanish Society for Mediaeval Language and Literature), Conference held in Caceres, 1994.

5. For a biography and discussion see K. B. McFarlane, "Henry V, Bishop Beaufort and the Red Hat, 1417-1421", EHR 60 (1945), pp. 316-348, 332-337; J. A. F. Thomson, "John de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk," Speculum, 54 (1979), pp. 528-42; E. A. Greening Lamborn, "The Arms on the Chaucer Tomb at Ewelme", Oxoniensia, 5 (1940), pp. 78-93.

6. For this possibility, see D. Pearsall, op. ct., p. 35.

7. For this possibility, see, A. C. Baugh, "Chaucer the Man", Companion to Chaucer Studies, edited by Beryl Rowland. London: O.U.P, 1968, p. 1.

8. J. L. Martmn, ed., Pero Lspez de Ayala. Crsnicas ( Barcelona: Planeta, 1991). All quotations are from this edition. The references to this book will be incorporated in the text under the abbreviation Crsnicas.

9.S. Honori-Duvergi, "Chaucer en Espagne? (1366)", Recueil de Travaux offert & M. Clovis Brunel , II (Paris: 1955), pp. 9-13.

10. Albert C. BAUGH, op. ct., p. 56

11. I cannot sufficiently express my gratitude to Professor Thomas J. Garbaty, who sent me his article published in MLN, 5, (1967) and encouraged me to work on this subject.

12. Albert C. BAUGH, Chaucer the Man", Companion to Chaucer Studies, ed. Beryl Rowland (London: O.U.P., 1968).

13. See Vazquez de Parga, J. M. Lacarra, & Uria, Peregrinaciones a Santiago, (Madrid: 1948).

14. "...el rey de Navarra fuese para Pamplona, e estovo allm, e fizo otros tratos con el rey Don Pedro e con el prmncipe de Gales en esta manera: que el rey de Navarra les diese el paso por el puerto de Roncesvalles,"(Crsnicas, p.331)

"The king of Navarre went to Pamplona and stayed there and made other treaties with king Peter and with the Prince of Wales as follows: that the king of Navarre would allow them free entry to enter through the mountain pass of Rouncesval."

15. "Early in March Calveley opened the attack by turning north and following the course of the Ebro, passed through the southern tip of Navarre, and reached Alfaro in Castilian territory. When the town refused to surrender he pushed on to Calahorra." Baugh, "Chaucer the Man" , p. 65.

16. " They had heard about how the Prince of Wales was coming to help king Peter..., and this happened in February of that year."

17. (Crsnicas, p. 341)" The knight Hugo of Carvely, who was an English knight with four hundred cavalrymen from England, abandoned king Henry, and went to Navarre because his lord, the Prince of Wales was coming from the other direction and he could not fight against him. And when king Henry knew that this Hugo had left him, and he could have done him some harm, nevertheless he did not wish to do so, considering that this knight was doing his duty by his lord the Prince, who was the son of the king of England."

18."De la parte del rey don Pedro fue ordenada la batalla en esta guisa. Todos vinieron a pie, e en la avanguardia venma el duque de Alencastre, hermano del prmncipe, que decman don Juan, e mosin Juan Chandss, que era condestable de Guiana por el prmncipe, e mosin Razl Camois, e mosin Hugo de Caureley, e Mosin Oliver, seqor de Clison, e otros muchos caballeros e escuderos de Inglaterra e de Bretaqa." (Crsnicas, 344).

" On the side of king Peter the battle was planned as follows: everyone was on foot, and the Duke of Lancaster, who was called John, the Prince's brother, was in the vanguard with the knight John of Chandos, who had been appointed by the prince the military chief of Guiana, and Raul Camois, and Hugo of Calveley, and Oliver, lord of Clison, and many other knights and squires from England and Brittany."

19."Otrosm el prmncipe de Gales envis luego al rey de Aragsn por mensajero a mosin Hugo de Caureley, un

caballero de Inglaterra a tratar con il sus amistades," (Crsnicas, 360).

" And afterwards the Prince of Wales sent Hugo of Calveley, a knight from England, as a messanger to the king of Aragon to draw up a treaty of friendship with him."

20. (Crsnicas, p. 614) " the Grand Master Davis had news a few days previously of how the Duke of Lancaster had arrived with ships and militarymen in the town of La Coruqa, which is in Galicia, the day on St. James, and how he took some ships of the king of Castile, and among the soldiers there were 1500 lancers and a like number of archers and all of them were good. And he brought with him his wife Constance, who was the daughter of king Peter and a daughter who had been born of her, who was called Catherine, and he brought two other daughters the Duke had of another woman whom he had previously married, who was the daugther of the former Duke of Lancaster and Earl of Derby; the elder daugther was called Philippa, who married the Grand Master Davis, who was called king of Portugal, as we shall tell later on, and the other daughter was called Elisabeth, who then married a knight who came with the Duke, who was called John of Holland, who was son of the princess and Thomas of Holland, because the Duke of Lancaster had made him his military chief."

21. For further clarification, see the reference to the annuity of ten pounds granted to Philippa Chaucer on 30 August 1372 in Chaucer Life-Records, pp. 85-86.

22. John of Gaunt styled himself "roy de Castille et de Leon duc de Lancastre" in all documents from 1372 to 1388 and as I will try to show in a forthcoming article in the Chaucer Review, Chaucer supports this claim in The Book of the Duchess when he defines him as "this kyng" (1314).

23. (Crsnicas, p. 627) " After entering Castile, there was a large number of victims among his entourage, so that he lost many of his people, and as it was well known, three hundred knights and squires and many archers and other people died."